QM Forum
The Quran => General Discussions => Topic started by: Orange on January 16, 2013, 11:19:00 AM
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Peace be on you dear Joseph,
The subject root of the word "Ashara" has been translated as
2:34 "ten"
2:60 "twelve"
9:36 "twelve"
12:4 "eleven"
74:30 "nineteen"
And when looked up in the Lane's lexicon [1]:
Ayn-Shiin-Ra = to take away a tenth part, make ten by adding one to nine, be the tenth. ashrun/asharun (f.), asharatun/ashratun (m.): ten, decade, period from three to ten. After twenty there is no difference between feminine and masculine. ashara - to consort, live with, cultivate one's society, become familiar. ashirun - companion, ashiratun - kindred, ma'sharun - company, race, multitude, who live in close communion with (pl. ashair).
ashir n.m. 22:13
ashirah n.f. 9:24, 26:214, 58:22
ashr n.m. (num. f. asharah) 2:196, 2:234, 5:89, 6:160, 7:142, 11:13, 20:103, 28:27, 89:2
ishar n.f. (pl. of ushra) 81:4
ishrun n.m. num. 8:65
ma'shar n.m. 6:128, 6:130, 55:33
mi'shar n.m. num. 34:45
ashara vb. (3) impv. 4:19
In your opinion, is it appropriate to use "Ayn Shiin Ra: ten" as "eleven", "twelve", "nineteen" as translated in various translations [2]?
[1] Lane's Lexicon, Volume 5, pages: 335, 336, 337, 338
[2] http://tanzil.net/#trans/en.ahmedali/2:60
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Dear Orange,
May peace be with you.
The noun 'ashr' / 'ashara' in Arabic simply means ten.
If for example, I want to say twelve in Arabic, I will say 'Ithna-Ashar(a)' together where 'ithna' denotes (2) i.e. 2+10. If I want to say 19 in Arabic, I would say 'Tis'ata-Ashar(a)' together where 'tis'ata denotes 9 or on its own 9=Tis'ah. i.e. 9+10.
You will see this in any introduction to Arabic numbers.
So when you say in verse 2:60 ashara (10) is translated as 12, this is incorrect. The word used is 'ithnata-ashar(a)' together which means 2+10=12. Similarly, verse 74:30 says 'tis'ata-ashar(a)' (9+10) together denoting 19 and not 'ashara' on its own.
Here is a count of 1-20 where you can see how singular numbers are added to '10' to make double digits in Arabic.
- Wahed
- Ithnan
- Talata
- Arba'a
- Khamsa
- Sitta
- Sab'a
- Tamanya
- Tis'ah
- Ashara
- Ahad-Ashar(a)
- Ithna-Ashar(a)
- Talathata-Ashar(a)
- Arbata-Ashar(a)
- Khamasta-Ashar(a)
- Sittata-Ashar(a)
- Sabata-Ashar(a)
- Tamanyata-Ashar(a)
- Tis'ata-Ashar(a)
- Asharun
To help you with the pronunciation, please see video below:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vJWAQDdEPpo
I hope that helps, God willing.
Joseph.
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salaam Ornage,
Just a clarification to say you did not quote Lane's Lexicon, you actually quoted 'project root list' (PRL).
PRL is not equivalent to lane's lexicon, please see it's homepage: http://www.studyquran.co.uk/PRLonline.htm
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May peace be on you dear Waqas,
On the link you have provided there is an:
Offline version of Project Root List: concordance, grammar, dictionary in one (simple program, small ZIP file)
http://ompldr.org/vODZzdA
The above program file contains the reference with each root from Lane's Lexicon. I have mentioned the same here :).
Regards
Dear brother Joseph,
Thank you for clarification.
Peace.
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From PRL homepage:
Aim: To list ALL the roots used in Al Quran, including possible meanings (from SEVERAL Classical Arabic dictionaries/lexicons)....
Classical Arabic dictionaries used: Al-Mufradaat fi Ghariib al-Qur'aan, Lisaan al-Arab, Taaj al-Aruus min Jawaahir al-Qaamuus, The Arabic English Lexicon by E.W Lane.
UPDATE BY QM FORUM MODERATOR
13th March 2013
This thread is now closed and a direct link to this post is now available at the dedicated Q&A page.
http://quransmessage.com/articles/q&as%20FM3.htm
Thanks.