Trials vs Misfortunes

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Quran As-Shura 30: And whatever of misfortunes befalls you, it is from what your own hands have earned.

Whom does this verse apply to? If a child dies young, it's not because of something wrong they did, because they're too young to tell between right and wrong. I was thinking, maybe when you do good things, misfortunes strike you to test your willpower and faith in Allah. So misfortunes can be the result of good or bad deeds...?

Any thoughts?

Mia

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Also verse 6:131 seems to suggest that if a city is destroyed by a natural disaster, then the residents of that city have done something wrong. But all those tsunamis in Japan and the tornados in my area killed a lot of good people.

Does anyone know about this issue?

[good logic]

Peace mia.

GOD is asking people to do the right things.

Some people are ignoring the laws and instructions.

GOD has set up this world as a battle of "good v bad". Disasters,wars,accidents....etc are part of this life.Of course natural disasters are part of this life as well.  GOD knows why they happen and take people s lives, He has the ultimate knowledge!!!! We can seek His help,come under His protection and trust Him. We need to accept the good and the bad that happen to us as believers. GOD does not burden us beyond our maximum?

GOD is saying if you believe and follow His system you have no fear nor will you grieve. GOD is talking long term.

What happens therefore is due to the decisions and works of some people who go it alone, following their own systems,without GOD:

Basically ,Believers Versus Disbelievers:
13:19
Is one who recognizes that your Lord's revelations to you are the truth equal to one who is blind? Only those who possess intelligence will take heed.
أَفَمَن يَعلَمُ أَنَّما أُنزِلَ إِلَيكَ مِن رَبِّكَ الحَقُّ كَمَن هُوَ أَعمىٰ إِنَّما يَتَذَكَّرُ أُولُوا الأَلبٰبِ
13:20
They are the ones who fulfill their pledge to God, and do not violate the covenant.
الَّذينَ يوفونَ بِعَهدِ اللَّهِ وَلا يَنقُضونَ الميثٰقَ
13:21
They join what God has commanded to be joined, reverence their Lord, and fear the dreadful reckoning.
وَالَّذينَ يَصِلونَ ما أَمَرَ اللَّهُ بِهِ أَن يوصَلَ وَيَخشَونَ رَبَّهُم وَيَخافونَ سوءَ الحِسابِ


Or...
13:25
As for those who violate God's covenant after pledging to keep it, and sever what God has commanded to be joined, and commit evil, they have incurred condemnation; they have incurred the worst destiny.
وَالَّذينَ يَنقُضونَ عَهدَ اللَّهِ مِن بَعدِ ميثٰقِهِ وَيَقطَعونَ ما أَمَرَ اللَّهُ بِهِ أَن يوصَلَ وَيُفسِدونَ فِى الأَرضِ أُولٰئِكَ لَهُمُ اللَّعنَةُ وَلَهُم سوءُ الدّارِ


God Controls everything and explains here,that there will always be two sides in this life,hence disasters and...:
13:31
Even if a Qoran caused mountains to move, or the earth to tear asunder, or the dead to speak (they will not believe). God controls all things. Is it not time for the believers to give up and realize that if God willed, He could have guided all the people? The disbelievers will continue to suffer disasters, as a consequence of their own works, or have disasters strike close to them, until God's promise is fulfilled. God will never change the predetermined destiny.
وَلَو أَنَّ قُرءانًا سُيِّرَت بِهِ الجِبالُ أَو قُطِّعَت بِهِ الأَرضُ أَو كُلِّمَ بِهِ المَوتىٰ بَل لِلَّهِ الأَمرُ جَميعًا أَفَلَم يَا۟يـَٔسِ الَّذينَ ءامَنوا أَن لَو يَشاءُ اللَّهُ لَهَدَى النّاسَ جَميعًا وَلا يَزالُ الَّذينَ كَفَروا تُصيبُهُم بِما صَنَعوا قارِعَةٌ أَو تَحُلُّ قَريبًا مِن دارِهِم حَتّىٰ يَأتِىَ وَعدُ اللَّهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لا يُخلِفُ الميعادَ

Just trust in GOD ,if you are a believer,and do the best you can with honesty,sincerity and good intentions.

GOD bless you.
Peace.

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I think this verse is talking about long-term misfortune like the Hellfire. We were all put on earth to be tested and this is part of making the truth prevail over falsehood.
Salam.