Salamun Alaikum
There is no mention of Hazrat Ayesha in the Quran or the Prophet's marriage to a young girl at the age of 6.
In fact, no names of either the companions nor the wives of the Prophet are mentioned in the Quran. The exception is the name of Zayd (33:37 - adopted son) in the matter of marriage and to underscore the point that elective / adoptive relations cannot replace blood relationships and should not be viewed as such and the possible mention of Abu Lahab (111.1).
All other narrative details such as the one you have mentioned are sourced from Islamic Secondary Sources
which have questionable authenticity and no authority from the Quran. I strongly believe that the Prophet of God would not contravene his own teachings. A marriage to such a minor
cannot be supported from the Quran.
As far as marriageable age from the Quran is concerned (the source of believer's guidance), , please see the following articles:
WAS AYESHA REALLY A CHILD BRIDE? - MARRIAGEABLE AGE FROM THE QURANhttp://quransmessage.com/articles/ayesha%20age%20FM3.htmNIKAAH - THE CONTRACT OF MARRIAGEhttp://quransmessage.com/articles/nikaah%20FM3.htmDOES VERSE 65:4 PROVIDE CONSENT TO CONSUMMATE A MARRIAGE WITH A FEMALE MINOR?http://quransmessage.com/articles/verse%2065-4%20FM3.htmKind regards,
Joseph